Varicose veins, the symptoms of which are found on every four inhabitants of the planet is not just a default aesthetic, which manifests itself in the form of a blue tree of mesh on the legs, thighs, or rear, to feet, heavy legs, pain in the case of loads, static, or long periods of walking, twitching in the muscles of the legs, but also a high risk of thrombosis in Vena cava inferior system.
Thrombotic complications lead to trophic ulcers on the legs, acute alterations of blood flow with blueness of the extremities and the risk of necrosis. Breaking with the vascular wall, blood clots in the legs often begin a journey that ends in the heart (leading to heart attack) or the arteries of the brain (causing a stroke). It is this fact, and not a bad state of view of the once beautiful legs require the first attention in the treatment (and preferably prevention of varicose veins.
Because the disease, is not static, but slowly moving forward, capturing new segments of external or internal venous network of the legs, then the analysis of the treatment is to start with a description of the prevention. Reasonable preventive measures in, at least a little slow down the process, developed on the background of the inherited insolvency valvular veins of the lower extremities.
Prevention of varicose veins
The veins of the lower extremities have very weak walls, almost without muscular elements that could push the blood reducing. Therefore, veins have special valves that prevent backflow of blood and its stagnation in the veins. In some people these valves hereditary insolvent or become so with age:
- in a serious physical effort
- increases intra-abdominal pressure
- constipation
- frequent pregnancies.
First, the process affects external veins. And then marvel at the collector of the vein and the deep venous network. Varicose veins of the limbs develops over several (sometimes dozens) of years, and its speed varies according to the style of life, physical activity intensity and the strength of the blood vessels.
- The first goal of prevention is to minimize the increase in intra-abdominal pressure (to combat constipation, to prevent an excessive overload).
- The second task is to create the conditions for passive exit of venous blood from the legs. Make sure it is at the end of the day, or several times a day. To this effect, the legs are stacked from the foot to the hip on the surface with an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal. They are in this position must be at least half an hour. People with varicose veins in the legs is a medical term fact, it is advisable to sleep with raised legs as often as possible.
- When varicose veins is recommended not to use tight shoes, socks with tight elastic, that is to say, not to create more obstacles to the circulation of the blood in the legs.
- Also you should not sit foot to foot and with prolonged sitting position, put your feet well supported and give them a horizontal (or slightly higher) position. This position, you can sometimes see in gangster movies about cool mafia that sitting in a chair, put his feet on the table.
- Of course, in the office, if you are the owner of the company, will have to come with something a little less difficult. You can, for example, to put under the Desk a cardboard box and put the legs or use for this purpose high plastic trash can with flat top lid. For any questions about an unusual way to sit at the Desk, you need to honestly answer in order to avoid the ridiculous and not to be weird. It should be remembered that no worker will have an active participation in the treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to perceive the opinions of others and not to neglect the prevention of the disease.
- If you are at home, try to take a horizontal position and positioned with the help of several pillows, her legs above her head. This is necessary to improve the conditions for venous outflow.
Conservative treatment
In the program of non-surgical treatment to be included in the diet, the compression and drug therapy.
The diet
The diet event is mandatory, since the weight is one of the risk factors for developing varicose veins. The food must be compensated (the energy consumed must not exceed energy needs correlate with the nature of loads or their absence). In addition, the menu should eliminate spicy seasonings, pepper, pickles, excess salt, smoked meats, and reduce the consumption of fried foods. The Alcohol is also advisable to not use it.
The menu should contain a sufficient amount of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, foods rich in fiber, wholemeal bread, seafood. Sample frequent (at least 4 times a day) power fractional. As for the fashion a few years ago, the tendency to limit themselves to any animal fats, and forget it. Of course, prohibitive figure of triglycerides and cholesterol is not the case. But in amounts reasonable cholesterol, helps the plot of the vascular wall, reducing the risk of secondary thrombotic complications and sudden ruptures of the veins.
* Non-Smoking Rooms
It is not the most harmful habit with varicose veins. If the choice is between drinking moderate amounts of alcohol and Tobacco, in the first place, you can still stand, barely. But the second – have categorically excluded. Not only resin clog the blood vessels, increasing the risks of developing a thrombosis and secondary complications (heart attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, pulmonary embolism). You should be specially careful for those who have varicose veins (or predisposition), take hormones and still manages to smoke.
Compression garments (stockings, socks, tights)
This is a good option for the prevention and treatment of the early stages of varicose veins, as they have different parameters of pressure in the soft tissues, variants of models and colours. The underwear is necessary in the morning, before getting out of bed, while the venous system is not full of blood. For this method, there is a but – prohibitive price tags in the territory of the Russian Federation, to limit the acquisition of the point against varicose veins large masses of the people. As a general rule, the use of linen did not begin to those for whom it still can help in the stage before the disease, and those with severe forms of varicose veins, often complicated by some processes, it is shown operative treatment and compression hosiery as a secondary prevention.
Varicose veins: treatment
Drugs are not the panacea. To completely stop or cure varicose veins, they are not.
Creams and gels
This means that it is possible to protect the walls of the veins, stimulate the venous outflow and improves microcirculation. These funds can reduce the intensity of pain and edema, subject to an access course. Sample courses twice a year for the duration of at least 2 months.
The most useless (and safe) you can read ointments or gels. Creams do not penetrate beyond the skin and any worthwhile effect on the blood vessels can not provide. It is recommended in the early stages of the disease, when it is unknown to what really it can undergo swelling and heaviness in the legs: from the drugs, or simple drainage postural ' and the end of the year.
This therapy consists in the administration of drugs or elastic bandaging. Its simplicity, preservation of the aesthetic appearance of the limbs, without any effects on the general health of the patient are attracted by this technique, both the doctors and the patients.
But sclerotherapy is not isolated brings lasting results and is not able to stop the progression of the disease. In the majority of cases, still must be combined with surgery. Before the therapy should be performed ultrasound examination of the lower extremities, precluding extensive destruction of the subcutaneous or deep veins of the legs.
Contraindications for this technique are: Allergy to drugs, atherosclerosis of the great vessels with the presence of ischemia, diabetic angiopathy, obliterating endarteritis, injury of the blood coagulation system, acute or recent thrombosis of the legs, pregnancy.
Therapy options
- Before surgery sclerotherapy of veins may be used before surgery to reduce the risks of bleeding and thrombosis during the postoperative period
- during operation, in replacement of vein removal
- after surgery to close the rest of the veins.
Method puncture
If it is not applied in the operating room is conducted in a dedicated surgical room, with all the rules of asepsis. First, at the close of the larger veins, then smaller ones. The medications are generally imposed from the top down. Vein puncture the foot of the patient, and before the introduction of the drug stack. If the field of interests goes a long vessel or vessels around the circumference of the leg, after a couple of sessions of therapy. After sclerosing treatment the patient should be observed phlebologist for three years after the last injection.
- After the injection is performed by elastic bandaging of the limb, which is repeated during 2 weeks. In the first week of sale is not removed.
- In half an hour after the intervention, the patient need to walk.
- A patient needs to sleep with a high foot end, and during the day to avoid prolonged sitting or standing and a lot of walking.
Varicose veins: surgery
The decision on whether surgical intervention is made by a doctor or vascular surgeon.
Often women with a lesion of the veins, superficial and deciding on surgical intervention solely because of a default aesthetic, I propose to postpone the surgery, if you plan to rear (as during pregnancy the varicose veins, as a rule, progresses, and results may disappear and require repeat surgical treatment).
Combined phlebectomy
The most common operational solution to the problem of varicose veins of the lower extremities is combined phlebectomy. The operation is performed under General anesthesia or epidural. All cuts and punctures try and do in smaller sizes. For example, to remove the great saphenous vein, the incision is made in the groin area. Through it, the vein is injected with the tip of the probe. After the probe is removed and is sent to Vienna, from the middle part of the Shin to the groin. Through surface channels, and delete channels and small veins. After the surgery, the use of compression (bandage or half a foot).
Electrocoagulation
This involves the removal of subcutaneous veins by exposing them to the current. Method is more dangerous than the ablation by radiofrequency or classic surgery.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery allows you to remove the veins due to the low temperatures. With modern equipment, safe method. It is not always possible to calculate the depth of freezing without damaging the surrounding tissue, or leaving a "surplus".
Home treatment of varicose veins
Varicose veins can be treated at home although systemic medications (prescription), though, ointments and gels, although the leeches (the treatment of varicose veins with leeches) and the cabbage leaf, Apple cider vinegar. Also for the home part suitable for compression garments or elastic bandaging (selected and recommended by a doctor). For the final stages of the disease, all these efforts are useless without surgery radical.
Therefore, today, a radical method to get rid of varicose veins can be considered to be surgical methods, often combined with therapy or compression techniques.